Mezenhimske matične stanice (MSC) sve se više potvrđuju kao obećavajuća terapijska opcija kod upalnih reumatskih i autoimunih bolesti, jer objedinjuju imunomodulatorna, protuupalna i regenerativna svojstva uz općenito povoljan sigurnosni profil.
Velike nedavne meta-analize randomiziranih kontroliranih studija, koje uključuju više od 2.000 bolesnika, pokazuju da transplantacija mezenhimskih matičnih stanica (MSC) može značajno smanjiti bol i poboljšati funkciju zglobova kod osteoartritisa. Značajna poboljšanja zabilježena su u VAS i WOMAC skorovima nakon intraartikularnih injekcija stanica iz koštane srži, masnog tkiva ili pupkovine, pri čemu učestalost nuspojava nije bila povećana u usporedbi s kontrolnim skupinama (Zeng et al., 2025; Zeng et al., 2024; Tian et al., 2024; Cao et al., 2025).
Kod sistemskih autoimunih bolesti MSC su pokazale sposobnost:
Ove koristi zabilježene su bez jasnih znakova povećane ozbiljne toksičnosti (Zeng et al., 2025; Mesa et al., 2023; Zeng et al., 2022; Zhou et al., 2020).
Kod reumatoidnog artritisa sustavni pregledi i meta-analize opisuju terapiju MSC kao sigurnu i dobro podnošljivu, uz uočene trendove smanjenja upale te poboljšanja funkcionalnih pokazatelja i laboratorijskih parametara. Međutim, koristi su često umjerene i mogu oslabjeti nakon 6–12 mjeseci bez ponovljenog liječenja (Mesa i sur., 2023; Zeng i sur., 2022; Hwang i sur., 2021; Karamini i sur., 2020).
Kod reumatskih stanja trenutačne studije daju prednost:
Važni izazovi uključuju:
Općenito, trenutačni dokazi podupiru primjenu MSC kao relativno sigurnog i eksperimentalno učinkovitog dodatka u liječenju odabranih refraktarnih upalnih reumatskih bolesti. Najprimjerenije ih je primjenjivati unutar kontroliranih kliničkih ispitivanja, dok se ne utvrde jasnije standardizirani protokoli te dugoročna učinkovitost i sigurnost (Zeng et al., 2025; Hetta et al., 2025; Mesa et al., 2023; Zeng et al., 2024; Jasim et al., 2022; Zaripova et al., 2023; Feng et al., 2025; Munir & McGettrick, 2015; Sarsenova et al., 2021).
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